Intermediate and advanced apprenticeships are both work-based training programmes funded by the government in England, but they sit at different qualification levels and suit different starting points. Intermediate apprenticeships are Level 2 and typically suited to school leavers, while advanced apprenticeships are Level 3 and equivalent to A-levels.
How the apprenticeship framework works in England
In England, apprenticeships are regulated by the Education and Skills Funding Agency (ESFA) and are available at five levels:
| Level | Apprenticeship name | Equivalent qualification |
|---|---|---|
| Level 2 | Intermediate | GCSEs (grade 4–5 and above) |
| Level 3 | Advanced | A-levels |
| Level 4–5 | Higher | HNC / HND / Foundation Degree |
| Level 6–7 | Degree | Bachelor's / Master's degree |
Intermediate and advanced apprenticeships are the two most commonly considered by 16-year-old school leavers after GCSEs. Both combine paid employment with structured off-the-job training — typically one day per week at a college or training provider — and lead to a recognised qualification.
Intermediate apprenticeships (Level 2)
An intermediate apprenticeship is a Level 2 qualification — equivalent in level to five GCSE passes at grade 4 or above. It is designed for school leavers who have completed Year 11 and want to enter a trade or industry rather than staying in full-time education.
Typical entry requirements: At least five GCSEs at grades 9–4 (A*–C), often including English and Maths. Some employers set their own requirements above this minimum.
Duration: Typically 12 to 18 months.
What it includes: On-the-job training with an employer, off-the-job training (at least 6 hours per week) with a training provider, and a final assessment by an independent assessor. The qualification awarded is typically a Level 2 Diploma or NVQ in a specific occupation.
Examples: Intermediate Apprenticeship in Hairdressing, Business Administration Level 2, Automotive Level 2, Hospitality Service Level 2.
Advanced apprenticeships (Level 3)
An advanced apprenticeship is a Level 3 qualification — equivalent in level to two A-levels. It provides a more substantial and technically demanding training route, often into skilled professions, and is recognised by many higher education institutions as satisfying entry requirements.
Typical entry requirements: Five GCSEs at grades 9–4, often including English and Maths at grade 4 or above, plus sometimes an intermediate apprenticeship or equivalent experience. Some employers also look for specific GCSE or A-level grades in relevant subjects (for example, Maths at grade 6 for an Engineering Advanced Apprenticeship).
Duration: Typically 18 months to 3 years depending on the sector.
What it includes: On-the-job training, structured off-the-job learning (at least 6 hours per week), and a final end-point assessment. The qualification awarded is typically a Level 3 Diploma, NVQ, or a sector-specific qualification recognised by professional bodies.
Examples: Advanced Apprenticeship in Software Development, Accounting, Electrical Installation, Healthcare Science, or Journalism.
How the two compare
| Factor | Intermediate (Level 2) | Advanced (Level 3) |
|---|---|---|
| Ofqual level | Level 2 | Level 3 |
| UCAS points | None | None (though higher apprenticeships attract points) |
| Typical entry | After GCSEs, age 16 | After GCSEs or intermediate, age 16–19 |
| Equivalent to | GCSE passes | A-levels |
| Duration | 12–18 months | 18 months–3 years |
| Pay | Minimum apprenticeship wage or above | Minimum apprenticeship wage or above |
| Progression | To advanced apprenticeship or further training | To higher/degree apprenticeship or employed career |
| University recognition | Not typically equivalent for degree entry | Can satisfy some degree entry requirements |
Minimum wage: what apprentices are entitled to
The National Minimum Wage for apprentices in England is set annually by the government. As of 2026, apprentices under 19, or apprentices in their first year of any age, receive the apprenticeship minimum wage rate. After the first year, apprentices aged 19 or above receive the rate for their age group under the National Living Wage. Employers often pay above the minimum. Parents should check the current government rate before their child accepts an offer.
Can you go directly to an advanced apprenticeship from school?
Yes. An advanced apprenticeship does not require an intermediate first — many school leavers with strong GCSE grades apply directly for Level 3 positions. Whether an employer accepts a direct application from a 16-year-old depends on their sector, the specific role, and the competition for the position. In technical trades (electrical, plumbing, engineering), the route often begins at Level 2. In professional services (accountancy, law, software development), Level 3 entry at 16 or 18 is common.
Apprenticeship vs staying in school: a note
In England, all young people are required to participate in education or training until age 18 under the participation in education and training requirement. An apprenticeship — at any level — satisfies this requirement. It is a legitimate and government-supported alternative to sixth form or further education college. Parents and students should treat apprenticeships as a first-class post-GCSE option alongside A-levels, T-levels, and BTEC programmes — not as a fallback.
Frequently asked questions
Can you do a degree after completing an advanced apprenticeship?
Yes. An advanced (Level 3) apprenticeship is equivalent in level to A-levels and can satisfy degree entry requirements at some universities, particularly for vocational subjects. However, specific degree courses at competitive universities typically require A-level grades in particular subjects alongside a strong personal statement. Students who complete an advanced apprenticeship and later want to go to university should check individual institution requirements and may wish to complete an Access to HE Diploma if needed.
What is the difference between an apprenticeship standard and an apprenticeship framework?
Apprenticeship standards are the current system, replacing the older framework system from 2017 onwards. Standards are designed by employer groups (called Trailblazers) and specify the knowledge, skills, and behaviours needed for a specific occupation. They include an end-point assessment by an independent body. Frameworks were the previous system and are no longer available for new starters. If a training provider refers to a framework, verify that the opportunity is a current, live standard before accepting.
Do apprentices pay tuition fees?
No. Training costs for apprenticeships are funded by the government through the Apprenticeship Levy. Apprentices do not pay tuition fees for the off-the-job training component. Employers with a payroll of over £3 million pay into the Levy; smaller employers receive 95% government funding for training costs. The apprentice pays nothing towards training — they are employed and paid a wage throughout.
What if an employer makes an offer below the minimum apprenticeship wage?
An apprentice is entitled to the statutory minimum wage for their situation. Any offer below this rate is unlawful, and apprentices (or parents on their behalf) can report underpayment to HMRC. Before accepting an apprenticeship offer, confirm the wage, working hours, and whether it is above or at the minimum rate. Legitimate providers and reputable employers should be transparent about pay from the point of offer.
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